Richard+the+Lion-Heart

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Richard I, ruled England from 1189 to his death in 1199. Leading thousands of men into the Third Crusade, he tried to retake Jerusalem from the Muslims. King Richard fought many important battles in his reign to cement his name in England’s history forever. =====


 * [[image:bossieraim/richard1.jpg align="left" caption="King Richard I Found at http://www.britroyals.com/kings.asp?id=richard1 "]]Early Life **

Richard was born on September 8, 1157 in Oxford, England. He was born to Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Being the third son, Richard would not be first to inherit the crown. The oldest son, however, died at a young age. Richard joined his brothers in a rebellion against their father in 1173. When his older brother died in1183, Richard became the rightful heir to the throne. ("Richard I (1157 - 1199)") Henry II died in 1189 and Richard was crowned king later that year. Soon after being crowned, King Richard took up the cross to go on the Third Crusade with King Philip of France, in an attempt to reclaim the Holy City of Jerusalem. ("The Third Crusade") King Richard captured Acre (now Akko) in 1191 and went on to attempt to retake Jerusalem from Saladin. His attempt lasted two years but ultimately failed to retake the city. However, his efforts ended with the truce that promised all Christians safe travel to Jerusalem. His efforts also earned him the name of “Richard the Lionhearted” While sailing back to England, King Richard shipwrecked of the coast of the Adriatic Sea. He attempted to travel through Austria, but was captured by the Duke of Austria and held for ransom by Henry VI of Germany in 1193. The ransom was placed 100,000 marks, an enormous amount of money for that time period. Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine worked hard to get the ransom money, and King Richard was released in February 1194. ("King Richard I The Lion Heart (1189 - 1199)") King Richard spent the last few years of his life fighting in France. He was shot by an arrow in battle and due to poor treatment, died a few days later. Richard did not leave a rightful heir to the throne; instead, his brother John succeeds him and is crowned king in 1199. (Alexander 209,210)
 * The Third Crusade **
 * Held for Ransom **
 * Death **

Richard I did many things to improve the world today. He granted Christians safe travel to Jerusalem. This inspired other Crusades to keep trying to reclaim the Holy City. During his reign, the system of weights and measurements is standardized; this included the pound and the yard. (GILLNGHAM 328)Throughout the world Richard’s name is remembered with bravery and valor because of his actions throughout his life.
 * Impact on the World Today **

**Works Cited **

Alchin, Linda. "The Third Crusade."//[]//. [], 16 Jul 2012. Web. 10 January 2014.

Alexander, James. "Richard I, King of England." //Academic American Encyclopedia//. 16. Danbury: 1985.

GILLNGHAM, JOHN. "Richard I." //World Book//. 16. Chicago: 200

"King Richard I The Lion Heart (1189 - 1199)."[|//http://www.britroyals.com/kings.asp?id=richard1//]. N.p.. Web. 10 Jan 2014.

"Richard I (1157 - 1199)." //BBC History//. BBC History. Web. 10 Jan 2014.

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